G20 or Group of Twenty meeting 2023 is over now. It was the 18th edition of the meeting. India hosted the meeting very successfully. It was held on 9th and 10th September, 2023 in Bharat Mandapam International Exhibition Convention Centre, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi. The theme was Vasudhaiva Kurumbakam or One Earth, One Family, One Future. It was chaired by the Indian Prime Minister , Shri Narendra Modi.
Participating leaders were – Alberto Fernandez – President of Argentina, Anthony Albanese – Prime Minister of Australia, Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva – President of Brazil, Justin Trudeau – Prime Minister of Canada, Emmanuel Macron – President of France, Olaf Scholz – Chancellor of Germany, Li Qiang – Premier , China , Joko Widodo – President of Indonesia and 2023 Chairperson of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, Giorgia Meloni – Prime Minister of Italy, Fumio Kishida – Prime Minister of Japan, Yoon Suk – yeol- President of South Korea, Mohammad Bin Salman – Crown Prince and Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia, Cyril Ramaphosa – President of South Africa, Recep Tayyip Erdogan – President of Turkey , Rishi Sunak – Prime Minister of United Kingdom, Joe Biden – President of United States, Raquel Buenrostro Sanchez – Minister of Economy of Mexico, Sergey Lavrov – Foreign Minister of Russia , Ursula von der Leyen – President of the European Commission, European Union, Charles Michael – President of the European Council, European Union.
Invited guests were – Sheikh Hasina – Prime Minister of Bangladesh, Abdel Fattah el – Sisi – President of Egypt and 2023 Chairperson of NEPAD, Azali Assoumani – President of Comoros and 2023 Chairperson of the African Union, Pravind Jugnauth – Prime Minister of Mauritius, Mark Rutte – Prime Minister of Netherlands, Bola Tinubu – President of Nigeria, Asa’ad bin Tariq – Deputy Prime Minister of Oman , Lee Hsien Loong – Prime Minister of Singapore, Nadia Calvino – Deputy Prime Minister of Spain, Mohammad bin Zayed Al Nahyan – President of United Arab Emirates .
Participating International Organisation guests were – Masatsugu Asakawa – President of the Asian Development Bank, Amit Prothi – Director General of the Coalition of the Disaster Resilient Infrastructure, Klaas Knot – Chair , Financial Stability Board, Kristalina Georgieva – Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund, Ajay Mathur – Director General of the International Solar Alliance, Gilbert Houngbo – Director General of the International Labour Organization, Mathias Cormann – Secretary General of the Organisation for Economic Co – operation and Development, Antonio Guterres – Secretary General of the United Nations, Ajay Banga – President of the World Bank, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus – Director General of the World Health organisation, Ngozi Okonjo – lweala – Director General of the World Trade Organization.
Some important outcomes of the meeting –
Launch of Global Biofuel Alliance or GBA to promote the development and adaptation of sustainable biofuels and set relevant standards and certification .
The New Delhi Leaders Declaration was adopted with consensus – It was adopted unanimously by all 20 members on 10th September, 2023 . It is an official non- binding declaration that was taken for strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth. G20 leaders promised to –
Fulfil the 2030 agenda with full and effective implementation.
Reduce GHG emissions.
Provide easier access to medical care and supplies.
Offer wider access to digital infrastructure.
Close the gender gap.
All the leaders accepted that threat or use of force to seek territorial acquisition against the territorial integrity and sovereignty or political independence of any state must be prohibited. Also use of nuclear weapons is inadmissible.
The African Union joined G20 as a permanent member .
A joint agreement was made by a group of countries to build a rail and shipping corridor to link India with the Middle – East and Europe. It is called India – Middle East – Europe – Economic Corridor. The group comprises India, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Israel and the European Union.
Writing Skills –
1 . Write a Precis based on the above passage. 10
2. Write a short paragraph on the G20 meeting 2023. 10
3. Write a newspaper report on the G20 meeting 2023. 10
4. The Department of Economics of your school / college / University will arrange a seminar on the outcomes and importance of G20 Summit 2023. Write a notice to request all the students to attend the seminar . 10
5. Suppose you are attending a group discussion session to get a job . It was on the basis of the outcomes of the G20 meeting 2023. You also need to participate. So write down your points . 10
6. Suppose in Personal Interview round you are asked to attend the following questions –
Do you think the launch of a Global Biofuel Alliance in G20 Meeting 2023 will be beneficial for a bright future ? Now write down your answer . 5
Please explain why the New Delhi Leaders Declaration is important. 5
